Reproductive Tissue

Identifiable Characteristics:

A. Oocyte

B. Graafian Follicle

Identifiable Characteristics:

A. Sertoli Cells (a.k.a nurse cells)

B. Leydig Cells (a.k.a interstitial cells)

C. Seminiferous Tubules

Main Function(s): Produces progesterone and some estrogen to maintain the uterine lining for potential pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, it degenerates into the corpus albicans.

Main Function(s): The endometrium undergoes cyclical changes to prepare for a potential pregnancy. During menses, the lining sheds if fertilization does not occur.

Main Function(s): The endometrium regenerates and thickens in preparation for a potential pregnancy. This phase is driven by estrogen.

Main Function(s): The endometrium becomes more glandular and secretes nutrients to support a potential embryo. This phase is driven by progesterone after ovulation.

Main Function(s):

• Epididymis: Sperm maturation, storage, and transport.

• Seminiferous Tubules: Sperm production (spermatogenesis).

Identifiable Characteristics:

A. Mucosal folds

B. Lumen

Main Function(s): The fallopian tube captures the egg from the ovary after ovulation and provides the environment for fertilization by sperm. It transports the fertilized egg (embryo) to the uterus for implantation.

Main Function(s): The seminal vesicles produce and secrete a significant portion of the seminal fluid, which is rich in fructose to provide energy for sperm. Their secretions also contain proteins and enzymes that help with sperm motility and viability.

Identifiable Characteristics:

• Mitochondrion – Located in the midpiece, it provides energy (ATP) for movement.
• Nucleus – Located in the head, it contains the genetic material (haploid DNA).
• Acrosome – A cap-like structure on the head, containing enzymes to help penetrate the

egg.

Main Function(s): Sperm cells are responsible for fertilizing the egg during reproduction. They are specialized for motility and carrying genetic material to the egg.

Identifiable Characteristic: Cornified (Keratinized) Stratified Squamous Epithelium – Offers protection against friction and mechanical stress, particularly during intercourse and childbirth.

Main Function(s): The vagina serves as the passageway for childbirth, menstrual flow, and sexual intercourse. It also provides protection against pathogens.

Identifiable Characteristic: Non-Cornified (Non-Keratinized) Stratified Squamous Epithelium – Provides protection while maintaining moisture, which is essential for lubrication and reducing friction.

Main Function(s): The vagina serves as the passageway for childbirth, menstrual flow, and sexual intercourse. It also provides protection against pathogens.

Identifiable Characteristics:

• A) Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium – Lines the vas deferens, containing stereocilia to aid in sperm transport and absorption of excess fluid.
• Lumen of Vas Deferens – The central passageway where sperm travel.

Main Function(s): The vas deferens carries sperm during ejaculation, using strong muscular contractions to propel sperm toward the urethra.